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Conceptual Evolution of Cell Signaling.

Arathi Nair1, Prashant Chauhan1, Bhaskar Saha2

  • 1National Center for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cell signaling, crucial for physiological processes, involves ligand-receptor interactions and second messenger cascades. Specificity arises from combinations of signaling intermediates, directionality, and pathway crosstalk.

Keywords:
cell signalingcrosstalkevolutionligandreceptorsignal transduction

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Cell signaling is a fundamental mechanism in physiological processes.
  • Initially studied via hormones, it now integrates interdisciplinary fields like physics, chemistry, and computational science.
  • The complexity of cell signaling exceeds the scope of general reviews.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate mechanisms of cell signal transmission.
  • To explain the decoding of signals via second messenger cascades.
  • To discuss the generation of response specificity and pathway regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established cell signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions.
  • Examination of second messenger systems (kinases, phosphatases, GTPases, ions, small molecules).

Main Results:

  • Signal transmission involves ligand-receptor binding, followed by second messenger cascades.
  • Specificity is achieved through combinations of intracellular signaling intermediates.
  • Directionality, signaling strength distribution, and pathway crosstalk modulate effector output.

Conclusions:

  • Cell signaling is a complex, interdisciplinary field essential for cellular function.
  • Understanding signal transduction pathways is key to deciphering physiological responses.
  • Future developments in cell signaling research are anticipated.