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Opportunities for Typhoid Vaccination in India
Manikandan Srinivasan1, Kulandaipalayam Natarajan Sindhu1, Jacob John2
1Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Indian Pediatrics
|July 7, 2019
Summary
Typhoid fever vaccination is crucial for India, a high-burden nation. The review supports introducing the cost-effective typhoid conjugate vaccine (Vi-TT) to combat this serious infection.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Typhoid fever causes millions of illnesses and deaths globally each year.
- Antimicrobial resistance complicates treatment options for typhoid fever, particularly in high-burden countries like India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the necessity of typhoid vaccination in India.
- To evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and cost-effectiveness of available typhoid vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature and data on typhoid fever epidemiology.
- Appraisal of evidence regarding the performance of current typhoid vaccines.
- Analysis of cost-effectiveness data for typhoid conjugate vaccines.
Main Results:
- The World Health Organization prequalified the Vi-TT typhoid conjugate vaccine in 2018.
- The Vi-TT vaccine is recommended for children aged 6-23 months.
- Typhoid conjugate vaccines demonstrate proven cost-effectiveness.
Conclusions:
- Given India's high typhoid endemicity and the vaccine's cost-effectiveness, a typhoid vaccination program roll-out is recommended.
- Vaccination is a critical strategy to reduce the burden of typhoid fever and its complications in India.
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