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Single-dose Intravenous Ondansetron in Children with Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nguyen Ngoc Rang1, Ton Quang Chanh2, Pham The My2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam. Correspondence to: Dr Nguyen Ngoc Rang, Pediatric Department of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu, Can Tho, Vietnam. nguyenngocrang@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|July 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Ondansetron effectively stops vomiting in children with gastroenteritis, reducing the need for intravenous (IV) rehydration. This study shows ondansetron is a beneficial treatment for pediatric vomiting associated with gastroenteritis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gastroenteritis is a common cause of vomiting in children.
  • Intravenous (IV) rehydration is often necessary for severe vomiting, increasing healthcare costs and patient discomfort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of ondansetron in treating vomiting in children with gastroenteritis.
  • To determine if ondansetron reduces the requirement for IV rehydration.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted.
  • 61 inpatient children (11-60 months) with gastroenteritis and vomiting received either IV ondansetron (0.2 mg/kg) or placebo.
  • Outcomes included cessation of vomiting, need for IV rehydration, oral intake, diarrhea duration, and hospital stay.

Main Results:

  • Complete cessation of vomiting occurred in 73% of the ondansetron group versus 23% in the placebo group (P<0.001).
  • Only 10% of ondansetron recipients required IV rehydration compared to 39% in the placebo group (P=0.009).
  • Oral rehydration solution intake was significantly greater in the ondansetron group.

Conclusions:

  • Ondansetron is effective in achieving cessation of vomiting in hospitalized children with gastroenteritis.
  • Ondansetron significantly reduces the need for IV rehydration in this patient population.
  • The drug did not affect the duration of diarrhea or hospital stay.
Abstract

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