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Aging-induced elevation in circulating complement C1q level is associated with arterial stiffness.

Natsuki Hasegawa1, Shumpei Fujie2, Naoki Horii3

  • 1Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan.

Experimental Gerontology
|July 7, 2019
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Summary

Serum C1q levels increase with age and are linked to arterial stiffness, unlike TNF-α and IL-6. C1q may serve as a novel biomarker for age-related arterial stiffening and cardiovascular disease risk.

Keywords:
AgingArterial stiffnessComplement C1qInterleukin 6Tumor necrosis factor alpha

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Aging Research
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6 are potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers, but their link to aging and CVD risk is unclear.
  • Complement C1q (C1q) increases with age and promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, suggesting a role in CVD risk and arterial stiffening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between aging-induced increases in serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and arterial stiffness.

Main Methods:

  • Measured serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in 127 healthy subjects across different age groups.
  • Analyzed correlations between cytokine levels and cfPWV, adjusting for confounders and examining sex differences.

Main Results:

  • Serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, along with cfPWV, were significantly higher in subjects aged ≥40 years compared to those <40 years.
  • Serum C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels positively correlated with cfPWV.
  • C1q independently predicted cfPWV variation, and its association with cfPWV was consistent across sexes, unlike TNF-α and IL-6.
  • cfPWV and C1q increased from age 30, while TNF-α and IL-6 increased later, after age 50.

Conclusions:

  • Serum C1q levels are associated with increased arterial stiffness in aging.
  • C1q may serve as a novel biomarker for age-related arterial stiffness and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
  • The distinct age-related patterns of C1q, TNF-α, and IL-6 suggest different roles in vascular aging.