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Related Concept Videos

Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

1.4K
Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
1.4K
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

4.1K
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
4.1K
Effects of Temperature on Free Energy02:11

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy

28.0K
The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
28.0K
Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

9.2K
Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
9.2K
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

8.7K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
8.7K
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

6.5K
A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
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A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

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A room-temperature ferroelectric semimetal.

Pankaj Sharma1,2, Fei-Xiang Xiang2,3, Ding-Fu Shao4

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

Science Advances
|July 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a ferroelectric metal in bulk crystalline WTe2, a material exhibiting both electrical conductivity and switchable spontaneous polarization at room temperature. This finding opens new avenues for advanced nanoelectronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • The concept of ferroelectric metals, combining polar distortions with conductivity, was theorized decades ago but remained experimentally elusive.
  • Achieving switchable electric polarization and ferroelectric domains in bulk metals is challenging due to charge screening effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide evidence for the coexistence of intrinsic metallicity and ferroelectricity in bulk crystalline materials.
  • To investigate van der Waals Tungsten Ditelluride (WTe2) as a potential candidate for a ferroelectric metal.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical transport measurements to probe conductivity and electronic properties.
  • Nanoscale piezoresponse force microscopy to detect ferroelectric domain structures.
  • First-principles calculations to support experimental observations and understand underlying mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated coexistence of native metallicity and switchable ferroelectricity in bulk crystalline WTe2.
  • Observed a natural ferroelectric domain structure and switchable spontaneous polarization in WTe2, even as a Weyl semimetal.
  • Confirmed these properties at room temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Bulk crystalline WTe2 represents a novel class of materials exhibiting both ferroelectricity and metallicity.
  • This discovery fulfills a long-standing theoretical prediction and offers significant potential for next-generation nanoelectronics.