[Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Encrusted Bladder Cancer]

Bladder cancer is a urological malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Masses protruding into the bladder cavity is an important feature for clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer. However,patients with encrusted bladder cancer(EBC)do not present with masses protruding into the bladder cavity and thus this malignancy is often misdiagnosed. Four patients were admitted in Peking University People's Hospital from July 2015 to February 2017. All of them were males aged 40 to 77 years(mean:58 years). Patients were mainly manifested as frequent urination,urgency,nocturia,and decreased bladder capacity,with or without difficulty of voiding.Although the bladder walls were markedly thickened,there was no obvious mass on imaging scans. Three patients received urodynamic test,which showed the maximum capacity of the bladder was 41 to 128 ml(mean:91 ml). One patient presented with gross hematuria,two patients presented with microscopic hematuria,and the remaining one patient had no hematuria. No mass was observed by cystoscopy. All of the patients were diagnosed with bladder cancer by repeated biopsy or intraoperative frozen section analysis.