Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
Published on: April 4, 2016
Extrachromosomal circular DNAs: an extra piece of evidence to depict tumor heterogeneity
Ishita Tandon1, Roshni Pal1, Jayanta K Pal1
1Cancer & Translational Research Lab, Dr DY Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra 411033, India.
Abstract:
The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a heterogeneous number and type of cellular and noncellular components that vary in the context of molecular, genomic and epigenomic levels. The genotypic diversity and plasticity within cancer cells are known to be affected by genomic instability and genome alterations. Besides genomic instability within the chromosomal linear DNA, an extra factor appears in the form of extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs; 2-20 kbp) and microDNAs (200-400 bp). This extra heterogeneity within cancer cells in the form of an abundance of eccDNAs adds another dimension to the expression of procancer players, such as oncoproteins, acting as a driver for cancer cell survival and proliferation. This article reviews research into eccDNAs centering around cancer plasticity and hallmarks, and discusses these facts in light of therapeutics and biomarker development.
Related Concept Videos
The Evidence for Evolution
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
Deformation in a Circular Shaft
Uniform Circular Motion
Non-uniform Circular Motion
For example, such...
Dynamics of Circular Motion
Any acceleration must be produced by some force. Therefore, any force or combination of forces can cause centripetal acceleration. A few examples include the tension in the rope on a...

