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Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy
Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo1, Wei Li A Koay2,3, Natella Rakhmanina2,3,4
1Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. sahera.dirajlal-fargo@uhhospitals.org.
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|July 10, 2019
Summary
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) benefits children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but access to pediatric formulations remains a challenge. This review covers available pediatric HIV treatments, dosing, and safety for neonates, children, and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly impacts children globally, with millions affected.
- Lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) is crucial for managing pediatric HIV, offering benefits like immune restoration and reduced mortality.
- Challenges persist in accessing pediatric ART, especially for infants, due to limited drug formulations and availability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of available antiretroviral drugs for pediatric HIV.
- To detail formulations, dosing, and safety considerations for pediatric antiretroviral medications.
- To categorize information by drug class and age groups: neonates, children, and adolescents.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current pediatric antiretroviral drug formulations.
- Analysis of dosing guidelines across different pediatric age groups.
- Compilation of safety data and comorbidity considerations associated with pediatric HIV treatment.
Main Results:
- Overview of diverse antiretroviral drug classes available for pediatric use.
- Detailed dosing recommendations tailored to neonates, children, and adolescents.
- Identification of potential long-term comorbidities associated with HIV and ART in pediatric populations.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of pediatric HIV requires accessible and age-appropriate ART formulations.
- Understanding dosing and safety profiles is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with HIV.
- Addressing formulation and access challenges is critical to improve the quality of life for children living with HIV.
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