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Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy

Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo1, Wei Li A Koay2,3, Natella Rakhmanina2,3,4

  • 1Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA. sahera.dirajlal-fargo@uhhospitals.org.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|July 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) benefits children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but access to pediatric formulations remains a challenge. This review covers available pediatric HIV treatments, dosing, and safety for neonates, children, and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly impacts children globally, with millions affected.
  • Lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) is crucial for managing pediatric HIV, offering benefits like immune restoration and reduced mortality.
  • Challenges persist in accessing pediatric ART, especially for infants, due to limited drug formulations and availability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of available antiretroviral drugs for pediatric HIV.
  • To detail formulations, dosing, and safety considerations for pediatric antiretroviral medications.
  • To categorize information by drug class and age groups: neonates, children, and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current pediatric antiretroviral drug formulations.
  • Analysis of dosing guidelines across different pediatric age groups.
  • Compilation of safety data and comorbidity considerations associated with pediatric HIV treatment.

Main Results:

  • Overview of diverse antiretroviral drug classes available for pediatric use.
  • Detailed dosing recommendations tailored to neonates, children, and adolescents.
  • Identification of potential long-term comorbidities associated with HIV and ART in pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pediatric HIV requires accessible and age-appropriate ART formulations.
  • Understanding dosing and safety profiles is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with HIV.
  • Addressing formulation and access challenges is critical to improve the quality of life for children living with HIV.

Keywords:
AdolescentsAntiretroviral drugsChildrenHIV treatmentInfants

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