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Risk factors for congenital heart defects in two populations residing in the same geographic area: a long-term

Renana Robinson1, Moshe Stavsky1,2, Maayan Yitshak Sade1,2

  • 1Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Cardiology in the Young
|July 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Congenital heart defects (CHD) are more common in Southern Israel

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine and genetics
  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Public health epidemiology

Background:

  • Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) are the most common newborn structural abnormalities.
  • Southern Israel's population includes Jewish (75%) and Arab-Bedouin (25%) communities.
  • Higher consanguinity and lower abortion rates in the Bedouin population suggest potentially higher CHD prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare maternal risk factors associated with CHD in Jewish and Bedouin populations in Southern Israel.
  • To investigate ethnic-specific risk factors for congenital heart defects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 247,289 births between 1991-2011 at Soroka University Medical Center.
  • Inclusion of 6,078 newborns diagnosed with CHD.
  • Utilized general estimating equation models adjusted for ethnicity, gender, and birth order to account for multiple births by the same woman.

Main Results:

  • Overall CHD prevalence was 24.6 per 1000 live births (21.4/1000 in Jewish, 30/1000 in Bedouin; p=0.001).
  • Common risk factors: fertility medications, sibling CHD, maternal CHD, diabetes, hypertension, anemia.
  • Bedouin-specific risks: maternal age >35, recurrent pregnancy loss, in vitro fertilization. Sibling CHD was a stronger risk factor in Jewish (aOR 10.23) vs. Bedouin (aOR 3.19) populations.

Conclusions:

  • CHD prevalence is higher in both Bedouin and Jewish populations than previously reported.
  • Specific maternal risk factors for CHD differ between the studied ethnic groups.
  • Risk factors for congenital heart defects exhibit population-specific variations even within the same geographic region.
Abstract

Keywords:
BedouinCongenital heart defectsepidemiologymaternal-foetal relations

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