Osteopenia after osteotomy of the tibia
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway.
Calcified Tissue International
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Valgus osteotomy can cause bone mineral loss in the tibia and femur, increasing fracture risk. However, bone mineral content shows regeneration over time, though some loss persists long-term.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Bone Metabolism
- Radiology
Background:
- Previous research indicates significant bone mineral loss post-tibia fracture.
- This loss, particularly in the distal femur and proximal tibia, elevates the risk of subsequent fractures.
- Regional osteopenia following tibial fractures is a critical concern for long-term bone health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the progression of regional osteopenia after valgus osteotomy of the proximal tibia.
- To quantify bone mineral content (BMC) changes at various skeletal sites post-surgery.
- To assess the long-term effects of osteotomy on bone density and potential for recovery.
Main Methods:
- Single-energy photon absorptiometry used to measure BMC in 20 patients.
- Measurements taken preoperatively and at multiple intervals up to 104 weeks post-surgery.
- Evaluated BMC in the distal metaphysis, diaphysis of the tibia, and distal metaphysis/diaphysis of the femur on both sides.
Main Results:
- A moderate decrease in BMC was observed across all measured limb segments.
- The tibial diaphysis near the osteotomy showed the largest BMC reduction (10%), with later regeneration.
- Persistent bone mineral loss was noted in the distal tibial (8%) and femoral (11%) diaphysis after 2 years.
Conclusions:
- Valgus osteotomy leads to regional bone mineral loss, particularly in the tibial and femoral diaphysis.
- While some regeneration occurs, persistent osteopenia is evident at specific sites.
- Contralateral limb BMC reduction suggests a systemic response, equalizing bone density between limbs after 2 years.
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