Emodin reactivated autophagy and alleviated inflammatory lung injury in mice with lethal endotoxemia

An uncontrolled inflammation induced critical health problems with serious morbidity and death, which namely acute lung injury (ALI). Recently researchs have found the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin. Here, we investigated the potential effects of emodin on a mouse model with a lethal dose of the potential mechanisms and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory lung injury in mice. The pulmonary histological abnormalities, the Evans blue's leakage, the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, the grades of TNF-α, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), lactic acid (LA) in lung tissues were determined 18 h post exposure of LPS. Based on the expression of LC3-II with BECN1 was determined using Western blotting. Besides, the LPS-exposed mice for survival rate was monitored. The results indicated that intervention with emodin was important for mitigating LPS-induced pulmonary histological change and LPS-induced leakage of Evans blue, which were associated with suppressed elevation of MPO activity and inhibited up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, NO with LA in lung tissues. Moreover, intervention with emodin enhanced the survival rate of LPS-exposed mice. Finally, therapy with emodin increased the LC3 and BECN1 in lungs of LPS-exposed mice. Treatment with 3-MA (the autophagy inhibitor) reversed the beneficial effects of emodin. In conclusion, emodin might provide pharmacological benefits in LPS-induced inflammatory lung injury, and the mechanisms might be related to the restoration of autophagy.