Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
Published on: May 28, 2014
Efficiency Eff of complex syntheses as multicomponent reactions, its algorithm and calculations based on concrete
1Technical University of Munich, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
Abstract:
A synthesis efficiency algorithm, which must be based on concrete and reliable criteria, is essential for the evaluation and control of complex chemical synthesis, notably multicomponent reactions (MCRs). An algorithm has been developed to precisely evaluate even highly complex syntheses with regards to their synthesis efficiency Eff as a tool for strict compliance with green chemistry requirements, and for economic progress. The mathematical operations are highly suitable for electronic data processing (EDP). This algorithm is also suitable as a basis for fair cost assessment of complex chemical syntheses.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base
A titration is carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl (strong acid) with 0.100 M of a strong base NaOH. The pH at different volumes of added base solution can be calculated as follows:
(a) Titrant volume = 0 mL. The solution pH is due to the acid ionization of HCl. Because this is a strong acid, the ionization is complete and the hydronium ion molarity is 0.100 M. The pH of the solution is then:
Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II
Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - I
Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions

