Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026
![Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F62460.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
Visualization and Quantification of Brown and Beige Adipose Tissues in Mice using [18F]FDG Micro-PET/MR Imaging
Published on: July 1, 2021
Factors affecting the harmonization of disease-related metabolic brain pattern expression quantification in
Rosalie V Kogan1, Bas A de Jong1, Remco J Renken2
1Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Introduction:
The implementation of spatial-covariance [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-based disease-related metabolic brain patterns as biomarkers has been hampered by intercenter imaging differences. Within the scope of the JPND-PETMETPAT working group, we illustrate the impact of these differences on Parkinson's disease-related pattern (PDRP) expression scores.
Methods:
Five healthy controls, 5 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, and 5 patients with Parkinson's disease were scanned on one positron emission tomography/computed tomography system with multiple image reconstructions. In addition, one Hoffman 3D Brain Phantom was scanned on several positron emission tomography/computed tomography systems using various reconstructions. Effects of image contrast on PDRP scores were also examined.
Results:
Human and phantom raw PDRP scores were systematically influenced by scanner and reconstruction effects. PDRP scores correlated inversely to image contrast. A Gaussian spatial filter reduced contrast while decreasing intercenter score differences.
Discussion:
Image contrast should be considered in harmonization efforts. A Gaussian filter may reduce noise and intercenter effects without sacrificing sensitivity. Phantom measurements will be important for correcting PDRP score offsets.
Related Concept Videos
Harmonic Mean
Take the example of the speed of a car, which is the measure of the rate of distance traveled. If the vehicle traverses the same distance back-and-forth, its average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. However, if the car moves with varying speeds, then the arithmetic mean is more skewed...
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
What is Metabolism?
Cell Specific Gene Expression
Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

![Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F58641.jpg&w=3840&q=50)