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Pediatric Auditory Brainstem Implant Users Compared With Cochlear Implant Users With Additional Disabilities.

Tirza F K van der Straaten1, Anouk P Netten1, Peter Paul B M Boermans1

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Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
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Summary

Children with auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) show slower language development than those with cochlear implants (CIs), but achieve comparable skills, especially when additional disabilities are absent. This finding aids in refining parent counseling for deaf children with inner ear malformations.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Prelingual deafness presents significant challenges for auditory and language development.
  • Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) and cochlear implants (CIs) are surgical interventions to restore hearing.
  • Understanding long-term language outcomes is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare long-term language development in children with ABIs versus CIs.
  • To assess the impact of additional non-auditory disabilities on language outcomes.
  • To inform preoperative counseling for parents of children with inner ear malformations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary referral center.
  • Included children with bilateral cochlear/cochlear nerve malformations receiving ABIs (n=10) and a reference group receiving CIs (n=147).
  • Language abilities assessed using IT-MAIS, CAP, MUSS, and SIR, with follow-up ranging from 1.1 to 7.7 years.

Main Results:

  • Six of seven children with ABIs achieved basic auditory skills within one year.
  • Language development in children with ABIs was slower than in children with CIs.
  • Children with ABIs and no additional disabilities reached language competence similar to children with CIs who had additional disabilities.

Conclusions:

  • ABIs offer satisfactory auditory input for deaf children with bilateral inner ear malformations.
  • Language skills in children with ABIs can be comparable to those with CIs and additional disabilities.
  • Study findings can enhance preoperative counseling for auditory implant candidates.