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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT

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High birthweight was not associated with altered body composition or impaired glucose tolerance in adulthood

Inger Wahlström Johnsson1, Fredrik Ahlsson1, Jan Gustafsson1

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|July 12, 2019
PubMed

Insights

High birthweight in infancy did not correlate with increased body fat or glucose intolerance in adulthood. This study found no significant differences in body composition or insulin sensitivity in adults with higher birthweights.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Birthweight is a key indicator of fetal growth and development.
  • Early life factors can influence long-term metabolic health.
  • Understanding the long-term implications of high birthweight is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a high birthweight is linked to greater body fat percentage in adulthood.
  • To investigate the association between high birthweight and impaired glucose tolerance later in life.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study compared 27 adults born with high birthweights (≥4500 g) to 27 controls (birthweights within ±1 SD).
  • Body composition was assessed using air plethysmography and bioimpedance (three-compartment model).
  • Glucose tolerance was evaluated via an oral glucose tolerance test, with insulin sensitivity measured using HOMA-2 and Matsuda indices.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in body mass index (BMI) between the high birthweight group and controls.
  • Body composition, including body fat percentage, did not differ between the two groups.
  • Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance were comparable in adults with high birthweights versus controls.

Conclusions:

  • In this cohort, moderately high birthweight was not associated with adverse changes in adult body composition.
  • Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were not negatively impacted by a high birthweight in this study population.
  • Further research with larger cohorts may be warranted to confirm these findings.
Abstract

Keywords:
body compositionglucose tolerancehigh birthweightinsulin sensitivityobesity

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