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Related Experiment Videos

Endocrine changes from birth to puberty in the heifer.

S E Dodson1, B J McLeod, W Haresign

  • 1A.F.R.C. Research Group on Hormones and Farm Animal Reproduction, University of Nottingham, School of Agriculture, Loughborough, Leics, U.K.

Journal of Reproduction and Fertility
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Puberty onset in cattle involves complex changes in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. These hormonal shifts, crucial for reproductive development, occur gradually rather than abruptly before the first ovulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Understanding the hormonal dynamics of puberty is essential for cattle breeding and management.
  • Previous research has indicated shifts in gonadotropin secretion during bovine development, but specific patterns around puberty require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the changes in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion patterns in heifers from birth through the peripubertal period.
  • To investigate the relationship between hormonal secretion patterns and the onset of puberty and first ovulation.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected weekly from birth, with monthly 24-hour frequent sampling (15-minute intervals) from 3 weeks of age in 12 Hereford x Friesian heifers.

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  • Estrus detection was performed using an estradiol-treated steer, and ovulation was inferred from progesterone profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean plasma LH concentrations decreased from birth to 15 weeks, then increased to 39 weeks, primarily due to changes in LH episode frequency and amplitude.
    • A short luteal phase preceded the first estrus, followed by a normal luteal phase in all heifers.
    • No significant increase in LH or FSH parameters was directly associated with the onset of puberty.

    Conclusions:

    • The gonadotropic stimulus for the first ovulation in heifers appears to be abrupt.
    • The study highlights the complex, non-linear changes in LH and FSH secretion leading up to puberty in cattle.