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miRNAs and NAFLD: from pathophysiology to therapy.

Monika Gjorgjieva1, Cyril Sobolewski1, Dobrochna Dolicka1

  • 1Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

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Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) significantly impact non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by altering liver metabolism. This review explores miRNA roles in NAFLD development and therapeutic potential for biomarkers and treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves significant hepatic metabolic reprogramming.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms, especially microRNA (miRNA) deregulation, are crucial in NAFLD pathogenesis and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding complex miRNA regulatory networks in NAFLD.
  • To discuss miRNA-mediated gene regulation, research challenges, and deregulated miRNAs in NAFLD.
  • To highlight potential miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for NAFLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on miRNAs and NAFLD.
  • Analysis of miRNA-mediated gene regulation mechanisms.
  • Discussion of translational research challenges and successes.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs play a multifaceted role in the development and progression of NAFLD.
  • Deregulation of specific miRNAs is linked to NAFLD outcomes.
  • Research has identified numerous miRNAs implicated in NAFLD.

Conclusions:

  • miRNA regulatory networks are central to NAFLD.
  • miRNA-based strategies show promise for non-invasive biomarkers and targeted therapies for NAFLD.
  • Further research is needed to overcome translational challenges in miRNA therapeutics for NAFLD.