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Systematic identification of dysregulated lncRNAs associated with platinum-based chemotherapy response across 11

Yanjiao Zhu1, Yichuan Zhao1, Siyao Dong1

  • 1College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.

Genomics
|July 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study identified 32 key long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) linked to platinum drug resistance in 11 cancers. Lowering lncRNA levels may improve chemotherapy effectiveness and patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contributes to chemoresistance, hindering cancer treatment efficacy.
  • Identifying specific lncRNAs involved in chemoresistance is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with platinum-based chemoresistance across multiple cancer types.
  • To evaluate the potential of these lncRNAs as biomarkers for predicting chemotherapy response and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic analysis of 648 platinum drug response samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
  • Identification and characterization of dysregulated lncRNAs in drug-resistant versus sensitive cancer samples.
  • Development and validation of a drug response prediction model based on lncRNA expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Identified 32 dysregulated lncRNAs across 11 cancer types affecting platinum-based chemotherapy response.
  • Found that 78.125% (25/32) of these lncRNAs were significantly down-regulated in drug-resistant samples.
  • Developed a prediction model with high accuracy (AUC 0.8034–0.9984) for chemotherapy response.
  • Confirmed that identified lncRNAs are cancer-specific, associated with patient survival, and serve as prognostic biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated lncRNAs play a significant role in platinum-based chemoresistance across various cancers.
  • These identified lncRNAs can serve as cancer-specific biomarkers for prognosis and predicting chemotherapy response.
  • Targeting these lncRNAs holds potential for improving patient sensitivity to chemotherapy and advancing precision medicine in oncology.
Keywords:
Aberrant expressionCancerChemoresistancePlatinumPrognosislncRNAs

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