Mobile phone antenna-matching study with different finger positions on an inhomogeneous human model

The human head and hand being in the near-field zone of a mobile phone antenna can drastically influence the antenna matching with free space. The goal of the presented research is to study this phenomenon on an inhomogeneous human model for different relative positions and distances of hand and fingers when using a mobile phone. The only safety criteria commonly used to estimate RF exposure impact on humans is the specific absorption rate (SAR). Its limits are determined by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) in the USA and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) in Europe. The maximal values of SAR for a mobile handset are determined for each model by the manufacturer. In this paper, it is shown that the peak values provided by the manufacturers and their understanding may need refinement. It is almost impossible to consider all parameters, such as the dependence of SAR on antenna communication matching, with a variety of shapes and forms and other details during physical measurements or numerical estimation. The premise for such assumptions is based on the analysis of S11 dependency on the exposure scenario and the fact that the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) increases power when the signal strength at the base station drops.