Lab-on-chip technology for chronic disease diagnosis
Jiandong Wu1, Meili Dong1,2, Claudio Rigatto3
11Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada.
Insights
Lab-on-chip (LoC) technology offers rapid, low-cost point-of-care diagnostics for chronic diseases (CD). This review highlights advancements in LoC systems for chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Diagnostics
- Point-of-Care Testing
Background:
- Chronic diseases (CD) are a leading global cause of death and disability.
- Current diagnostic methods for CD are often time-consuming and expensive.
- There is a critical need for rapid, reliable, and affordable diagnostic tools at the point-of-care (PoC).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent developments in lab-on-chip (LoC) based PoC systems for chronic disease diagnosis.
- To focus on advancements for chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases (CKD).
- To discuss challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives in this emerging field.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on LoC-based PoC systems for CD diagnosis.
- Analysis of studies incorporating digital and mobile technologies in LoC systems.
- Focus on applications in CRD, diabetes, and CKD.
Main Results:
- Lab-on-chip technology shows significant potential for low-cost, high-throughput, and user-friendly CD diagnostics.
- Emerging LoC systems are increasingly integrating digital and mobile technologies for enhanced accessibility.
- Significant progress has been made in developing LoC-based solutions for CRD, diabetes, and CKD.
Conclusions:
- LoC technology is a promising platform for revolutionizing CD diagnosis at the PoC.
- Integration with digital technologies can further improve the accessibility and utility of LoC diagnostic tools.
- Addressing current challenges is crucial for realizing the full potential of LoC systems in managing chronic diseases.
Abstract:
Various types of chronic diseases (CD) are the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. While those diseases are chronic in nature, accurate and timely clinical decision making is critically required. Current diagnosis procedures are often lengthy and costly, which present a major bottleneck for effective CD healthcare. Rapid, reliable and low-cost diagnostic tools at point-of-care (PoC) are therefore on high demand. Owing to miniaturization, lab-on-chip (LoC) technology has high potential to enable improved biomedical applications in terms of low-cost, high-throughput, ease-of-operation and analysis. In this direction, research toward developing new LoC-based PoC systems for CD diagnosis is fast growing into an emerging area. Some studies in this area began to incorporate digital and mobile technologies. Here we review the recent developments of this area with the focus on chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). We conclude by discussing the challenges, opportunities and future perspectives of this field.
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