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Tafenoquine: the new kid on the block
Victor Chen1, Johanna P Daily2
1Department of Pharmacy, Montefiore Medical Center.
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|July 16, 2019
Summary
Tafenoquine offers a new single-dose treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria and weekly prophylaxis. However, its use requires G6PD testing and is restricted in certain populations, necessitating further safety studies.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Tropical Medicine
- Infectious Disease Research
Background:
- Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly Plasmodium vivax.
- Radical cure of Plasmodium vivax requires targeting dormant liver stages (hypnozoites).
- Current prophylaxis and radical cure regimens can be lengthy and complex.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the recent literature on tafenoquine, a novel antimalarial drug.
- To summarize the opportunities and challenges associated with tafenoquine's global implementation.
- To assess tafenoquine's role in malaria control and eradication efforts.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on tafenoquine.
- Analysis of clinical trial data and regulatory approvals.
- Examination of safety profiles and G6PD deficiency considerations.
Main Results:
- Tafenoquine is approved for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax and malaria prophylaxis.
- Single-dose tafenoquine demonstrates equivalent efficacy to 14-day primaquine for radical cure.
- Weekly dosing is effective for malaria chemoprophylaxis.
- Tafenoquine use is restricted to individuals with normal G6PD activity and contraindicated in specific pediatric and pregnant/lactating populations.
Conclusions:
- Tafenoquine presents a significant advancement in malaria treatment and prevention due to its dosing convenience.
- Widespread adoption necessitates reliable, low-cost G6PD diagnostics.
- Further research is required to establish tafenoquine's safety profile in children.
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