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Response Surface Methodology01:16

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Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
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Range00:59

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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
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Consider a cylindrical shaft with a length denoted by L and a consistent cross-sectional radius referred to as r. This shaft undergoes a torque at the free end. The highest shearing strain within the shaft is directly proportional to the twist angle and the radial distance from the shaft axis. When the shaft behaves elastically, this shearing strain can be articulated using variables such as the applied torque, radial distance, the polar moment of inertia, and the modulus of rigidity. By...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Improved Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Double Casting via Silicone Oil Treatment for Densely Packed Microstructure Replication
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Multistimuli-Responsive Microstructured Superamphiphobic Surfaces with Large-Range, Reversible Switchable Wettability

Hujun Wang, Zhihui Zhang, Zuankai Wang1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong 999077 , People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed switchable superamphiphobic surfaces using a simple self-assembly method. These surfaces enable large-range, reversible oil wetting control via magnetic fields or mechanical strain, useful for droplet manipulation.

Keywords:
multistimuli-responsive surfacessimple fabricationsuperamphiphobicitytransformable re-entrant microstructureswetting switching

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Switchable wettability is crucial for advanced applications like droplet manipulation and rewritable liquid patterning.
  • Achieving large-range, reversible wetting control, especially for low surface tension liquids, remains challenging using surface topography.
  • Existing methods often struggle with multistimuli responsiveness and robustness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop microstructured superamphiphobic surfaces with switchable wetting properties for oil.
  • To achieve reversible wetting switching in response to multiple stimuli (magnetic fields, mechanical strain).
  • To explore the mechanism and applications of these switchable surfaces in droplet transport.

Main Methods:

  • A template-free self-assembly strategy was employed to fabricate microstructured surfaces.
  • Surface morphology transformation was induced by external stimuli: magnetic fields and mechanical strains.
  • Wetting behavior was characterized using contact angle measurements for hexadecane droplets.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated surfaces exhibited reversible wetting switching for oil, with contact angles changing from 150 ± 1° to 38 ± 2° under mechanical strain.
  • Distinct wetting switching behaviors were observed in response to different stimuli.
  • The surfaces demonstrated efficient oil droplet transport without needing lubricating films.

Conclusions:

  • A simple method for creating multistimuli-responsive superamphiphobic surfaces with tunable wetting is presented.
  • The transformable mushroom-like microstructures offer a pathway for controlling adhesion and friction.
  • This work advances droplet manipulation technologies and opens possibilities for microstructure-dependent applications.