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Reconstitution of Cell-cycle Oscillations in Microemulsions of Cell-free Xenopus Egg Extracts
Published on: September 27, 2018
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Sustained Oscillations of Epithelial Cell Sheets.
Grégoire Peyret1, Romain Mueller2, Joseph d'Alessandro1
1Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592 et Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
Biophysical Journal
|July 17, 2019
Summary
Confined epithelial tissues exhibit large-scale collective oscillations, driven by cell-cell forces and polarity. These movements, influenced by confinement size, can trigger YAP mechanotransduction, impacting cellular processes.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biophysics
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Morphological changes in tissues depend on coordinated cell movements and the tissue environment.
- Epithelial cells undergo large-scale deformation during tissue formation.
- The mechanical environment influences collective cell oscillations and migration, but mechanisms remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate collective oscillations in confined epithelial tissues.
- To understand the generation and regulation of these cellular movements.
- To explore the link between collective cell motion and mechanotransduction.
Main Methods:
- In vitro experiments using confined epithelial tissues.
- Computational modeling to analyze cellular movements.
- Molecular perturbations to study force transmission and cell polarity.
Main Results:
- Epithelial cells exhibit large-scale coherent oscillations within micropatterns.
- Oscillation period and amplitude are determined by the smallest confinement dimension.
- Force transmission at cell-cell junctions and cell polarity are critical for generating collective movements.
- Tissue deformations trigger oscillatory YAP mechanotransduction.
Conclusions:
- Collective oscillations are a dominant form of cellular movement in confined epithelial tissues.
- Cell-cell junctional forces and cell polarity are key regulators of these oscillations.
- Oscillatory tissue deformations can induce YAP mechanotransduction, influencing cellular functions.
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