Coagulation and anticoagulation in the intraoperative setting.
Marcel Levi1, Suthesh Sivapalaratnam2
1University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Medicine, United Kingdom; Cardio-metabolic Programme-NIHR UCLH/UCL BRC, United Kingdom.
Summary
Maintaining proper blood coagulation is crucial for surgical success. This review covers coagulation system function, dysfunction, and drugs impacting hemostasis to prevent bleeding and thrombosis.
Area of Science:
- Coagulation science
- Surgical hemostasis
- Perioperative medicine
Background:
- Adequate coagulation system function is essential for uncomplicated surgical outcomes.
- Perioperative bleeding complications arise from inadequate surgical hemostasis or a deficient hemostatic system.
- Optimal surgical hemostasis and coagulation function are complementary for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of normal and dysfunctional coagulation system activity.
- To examine drugs that can influence the hemostatic response during surgery.
- To discuss coagulation disorders and conditions associated with perioperative blood loss and thrombosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current insights on coagulation.
- Analysis of drugs affecting hemostasis.
- Discussion of coagulation disorders and thrombotic risks.
Main Results:
- Coagulation system function is vital for surgical outcomes.
- Both inadequate surgical hemostasis and hemostatic system insufficiency cause bleeding.
- Drugs and coagulation disorders significantly impact perioperative bleeding and thrombosis risks.
Conclusions:
- Understanding coagulation is key to managing perioperative bleeding.
- Knowledge of drug effects on hemostasis is critical for surgical teams.
- Addressing coagulation disorders minimizes risks of bleeding and thrombosis post-surgery.
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