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Simplifying the Electrolyte Systems with the Functional Cosolvent.

Yinping Qin1,2, Zhongmin Ren1,2, Qian Wang1,2

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|July 17, 2019
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Summary

This study introduces a fluorine-substituted ether as a functional cosolvent for safer, high-performance lithium-ion battery electrolytes. This innovation enhances cryogenic performance and stability by simplifying electrolyte composition and improving protective interlayers.

Keywords:
LiFcosolventelectrolytefluoroetherlithium-ion battery

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Current lithium-ion battery electrolytes use liquid carbonates with multiple additives for safety and low-temperature performance.
  • Complex electrolyte compositions lead to numerous radical groups, complicating interfacial reaction control and surface layer management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simplify lithium-ion battery electrolyte systems by introducing a fluorine-substituted ether as a functional cosolvent.
  • To enhance electrolyte functions, including safety, low-temperature performance, and interfacial stability.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a fluorine-substituted ether into the electrolyte formulation.
  • Evaluation of electrolyte properties such as self-extinguishing capability and freezing point depression.
  • Analysis of the protective interlayer formation on the cathode.
  • Testing of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode performance under various conditions.

Main Results:

  • The modified electrolyte exhibits self-extinguishing properties and a significantly reduced freezing point (∼75 °C lower).
  • A LiF-rich protective interlayer is formed, enhancing rate capability, cryogenic performance, and cyclic stability of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode.
  • The simplified system requires fewer additives and offers acceptable cost.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorine-substituted ether as a functional cosolvent offers a promising strategy to simplify and improve liquid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries.
  • This approach enhances safety, cryogenic performance, and electrochemical stability, potentially revitalizing liquid electrolyte development.