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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

Mobile Surface Charge Can Immobilize the Air/Water Interface.

Steven L Carnie¹, Lorena Del Castillo², Roger G Horn³

¹School of Mathematics and Statistics , The University of Melbourne , Parkville 3010 , Australia.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|July 17, 2019

Summary

A new model explains thin film drainage by considering mobile surface charge. This electrocapillary effect creates surface tension gradients, influencing fluid dynamics and matching experimental bubble-approach data.

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Area of Science:

Colloid and Surface Science
Fluid Dynamics
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Thin film drainage is crucial in various physical and biological processes.
Previous models did not fully account for dynamic surface charge effects at the air/water interface.
Understanding boundary conditions during film drainage is essential for accurate modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

To reinterpret Surface Force Apparatus measurements of thin film drainage.
To introduce a new model incorporating mobile surface charge at the air/water interface.
To explain observed changes in hydrodynamic boundary conditions during film drainage.

Main Methods:

Reinterpreting existing Surface Force Apparatus data.
Developing a new theoretical model for air/water interface dynamics.
Analyzing surface charge convection and diffusion effects.
Investigating electrocapillary and Marangoni effects.

Main Results:

The new model successfully incorporates mobile surface charge, convection, and diffusion.
Surface tension gradients arise from charge-dependent double-layer free energy.
Electrocapillary effects drive Marangoni flows, influencing hydrodynamic behavior.
The model explains transitions in hydrodynamic boundary conditions from mobile to immobile and back.

Conclusions:

Mobile surface charge and resulting gradients significantly impact thin film drainage dynamics.
The proposed model provides a better explanation for experimental film profiles.
Further modeling is needed to fully explain all experimental observations at longer timescales.