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Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

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Mobile Surface Charge Can Immobilize the Air/Water Interface.

Steven L Carnie¹, Lorena Del Castillo², Roger G Horn³

¹School of Mathematics and Statistics , The University of Melbourne , Parkville 3010 , Australia.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|July 17, 2019

Summary

A new model explains thin film drainage by considering mobile surface charge. This electrocapillary effect creates surface tension gradients, influencing fluid dynamics and matching experimental bubble-approach data.

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Area of Science:

Colloid and Surface Science
Fluid Dynamics
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Thin film drainage is crucial in various physical and biological processes.
Previous models did not fully account for dynamic surface charge effects at the air/water interface.
Understanding boundary conditions during film drainage is essential for accurate modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

To reinterpret Surface Force Apparatus measurements of thin film drainage.
To introduce a new model incorporating mobile surface charge at the air/water interface.
To explain observed changes in hydrodynamic boundary conditions during film drainage.

Main Methods:

Reinterpreting existing Surface Force Apparatus data.
Developing a new theoretical model for air/water interface dynamics.
Analyzing surface charge convection and diffusion effects.
Investigating electrocapillary and Marangoni effects.

Main Results:

The new model successfully incorporates mobile surface charge, convection, and diffusion.
Surface tension gradients arise from charge-dependent double-layer free energy.
Electrocapillary effects drive Marangoni flows, influencing hydrodynamic behavior.
The model explains transitions in hydrodynamic boundary conditions from mobile to immobile and back.

Conclusions:

Mobile surface charge and resulting gradients significantly impact thin film drainage dynamics.
The proposed model provides a better explanation for experimental film profiles.
Further modeling is needed to fully explain all experimental observations at longer timescales.