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Safety and efficacy of leadless pacemaker retrieval
Jianwen Li1, Wen-Bo Hou1, Ming-Kun Cao1
1R&D Department, National United Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Material Modification, Dezhou, China.
Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|July 17, 2019
Summary
Leadless cardiac pacemaker (LP) retrieval is feasible and safe, even after long implantation periods. This systematic review demonstrates a high success rate, supporting wider use of LPs for arrhythmia treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Leadless pacemakers (LPs) are a disruptive technology in cardiac rhythm management.
- The retrieval success rate of LPs is a critical factor for their widespread adoption.
- Concerns exist regarding the safety and feasibility of retrieving implanted LPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the safety and feasibility of leadless pacemaker retrieval.
- To analyze factors influencing the retrieval and management of non-functional leadless pacemakers.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of primary publications on LP retrieval.
- Inclusion of five animal experiments and two human retrieval case series.
- Analysis of procedural details: indication, implantation duration, success rate, and complications.
Main Results:
- LP retrieval is possible in animal models up to 2.5 years post-implantation.
- Human data indicate safe retrieval of devices implanted for over 4 years (Nanostim, Micra).
- Factors like fixation mechanism, implantation site, and encapsulation influence retrieval outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Leadless pacemaker retrieval demonstrates a high success rate, even in chronic cases.
- The findings support the extensive future use of LPs for treating cardiac arrhythmias.
- Demonstrated safety and feasibility of retrieval enhance confidence in LP technology.
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