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Differential Associations Between Distinct Components of Cognitive Function and Mobility: Implications for
Preeti Sunderaraman1, Inbal Maidan2,3, Tal Kozlovski2
1Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|July 18, 2019
Summary
Cognitive functions like executive function and processing speed are linked to specific mobility aspects, particularly during dual-task walking. This highlights their importance for aging well and fall prevention.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science and Biomechanics
Background:
- Cognition and mobility are closely linked, with age-related declines in both posing risks for falls, morbidity, and disability.
- Understanding the nuances of cognitive-mobility associations is crucial, as these relationships can vary based on specific cognitive and mobility facets and task conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically investigate the multifaceted associations between various cognitive functions and distinct aspects of mobility.
- To examine these cognitive-mobility relationships under both single-task and dual-task walking conditions.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, prospective study involving 124 healthy older adults.
- Comprehensive cognitive testing and gait analysis using accelerometry and gyroscopes.
- Statistical analysis included Spearman rho correlations adjusted for age and gender, with strict criteria for significance.
Main Results:
- Executive functions, processing speed, and language were significantly associated with specific gait parameters (variability, pace, asymmetry), especially during dual-task walking.
- Cognitive abilities also influenced turns and transitions during the Timed Up and Go Task.
Conclusions:
- The findings support the involvement of executive functions, processing speed, and language in specific mobility characteristics.
- These results have implications for assessing and rehabilitating cognition and gait in aging populations, informing dual-tasking theories and research on neural pathways of mobility.
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