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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Calcium Imaging in Freely Behaving Caenorhabditis elegans with Well-Controlled, Nonlocalized Vibration
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Friction weakening by mechanical vibrations: A velocity-controlled process.

V Vidal1, C Oliver2, H Lastakowski1

  • 1Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physique, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, F-69342, Lyon, France.

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter
|July 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Vibrations can weaken both granular and solid friction. A critical vibration velocity, around 100 microns per second, facilitates continuous sliding by overcoming stick-slip motion, regardless of grain mobility.

Keywords:
Flowing matter: Nonlinear Physics and Mesoscale Modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics and Tribology
  • Physics of granular materials and friction

Background:

  • Frictional weakening by vibrations has been proposed since the 1970s to explain phenomena like unusual fault slips, earthquakes, and the mobility of rock avalanches (sturzstroms).
  • Previous research suggested that the characteristic velocity of vibrations is key for frictional weakening in sheared granular media.
  • This mechanism has also been applied to understand remote earthquake triggering and the extensive runout of landslides and pyroclastic flows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of vibration velocity in frictional weakening across different material types.
  • To determine if grain mobility is a prerequisite for vibration-induced frictional weakening.
  • To establish the critical velocity threshold for the transition from stick-slip to continuous sliding.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental and theoretical analysis of frictional weakening in sheared granular media and solid friction under vibration.
  • Focus on the influence of vibration velocity as the primary governing parameter.
  • Comparison of weakening mechanisms in granular versus solid friction.

Main Results:

  • Frictional weakening by vibrations is demonstrated to be effective for both granular and solid friction.
  • Grain mobility is not a mandatory condition for this weakening effect.
  • A critical vibration velocity, approximately 100 microns per second, was identified for both material types, marking the transition from stick-slip to continuous sliding.

Conclusions:

  • The characteristic vibration velocity is a universal parameter governing frictional weakening in both granular and solid systems.
  • The critical velocity is linked to the surface roughness of the contacting materials.
  • This finding unifies the understanding of vibration-induced weakening across diverse geological and material science contexts.