Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

In vivo Calcium Imaging in Mouse Inferior Olive
Published on: June 10, 2021
Continuous Bioconversion of Oleuropein from Olive Leaf Extract to Produce the Bioactive Product Hydroxytyrosol Using
Min Liu1,2, Qiang Yong1,3, Zhina Lian3
1Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Feasibility and stability were evaluated of a continuous multi-batch process for converting oleuropein (OLE) from olive leaf extract to the bioactive product hydroxytyrosol (HT). Carrier beads made of three different materials (calcium alginate, chitosan with deacetylated α-chitin nanofibers (DEChN), or porous ceramic) were investigated for morphology, thermogravimetric, sorption, and viscoelastic properties. Enzymatic hydrolysis of OLE conducted in a packed bed bioreactor containing cellulase immobilized to carrier beads yielded OLE degradation rates of ~ 90% and an average HT yield of ~ 70% over 20 batches. Ultimately, inorganic porous ceramic beads were less costly and exhibited superior performance relative to organic carriers and thus were deemed most suitable for industrial-scale HT production. Systems utilizing enzyme immobilization within packed bed reactors hold promise for achieving efficient production of valuable bioproducts from discarded biomass materials.
More Related Videos
10:41The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli
Published on: January 13, 2013
08:33Use of Capillary Aerosol Generator in Continuous Production of Controlled Aerosol for Non-Clinical Studies
Published on: April 12, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Electron Carriers
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
Enzyme Kinetics
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Enzymes
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
Carrier Transport
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
Carrier-Mediated Transport
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
Carrier Generation and Recombination
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...