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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
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Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...
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Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
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Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates
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Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

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A reversibly mechanochromic conjugated polymer.

Jong Pil Lee1, Hyemin Hwang1, Songa Chae1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea. jmk@hanyang.ac.kr.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new polydiacetylene (PDA) polymer that changes color when stressed. This mechanochromic material can revert to its original blue color through a heating and cooling process, offering reversible color-changing capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conjugated polymers exhibit unique optical and electronic properties.
  • Mechanochromism, the change in color upon mechanical stress, is a desirable property for sensors and smart materials.
  • Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) are a well-known class of mechanochromic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel reversibly mechanochromic conjugated polymer.
  • To investigate the color-changing mechanism and recovery process of the synthesized polymer.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a diphenyldisulfide-containing bisdiacetylene monomer.
  • Thermal polymerization to form the polydiacetylene (PDA) polymer.
  • Mechanical stress application (grinding) to induce color change.
  • Thermochromic (heating-cooling) treatment to induce color recovery.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized PDA exhibited a reversible blue-to-green mechanochromic transition upon grinding.
  • The original blue color was restored through a metastable red-colored intermediate state.
  • The thermochromic process successfully regenerated the initial blue color.

Conclusions:

  • A novel polydiacetylene (PDA) with reversible mechanochromic properties was successfully synthesized.
  • The material demonstrates potential for applications requiring tunable color responses to mechanical stimuli.
  • The combination of mechanochromism and thermochromic recovery offers advanced material functionalities.