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Deep aquifer microbial communities are influenced by natural gas storage. Sulfate-reducing and methanogenic microbes play key roles, impacting ecosystem stability and suggesting potential for sustainable in situ biotic methanation projects.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Geomicrobiology
  • Environmental Microbiology

Background:

  • Deep sedimentary aquifers are utilized for natural gas storage globally.
  • Microbial communities, particularly sulfate-reducing and methanogenic microorganisms, are hypothesized to influence aquifer function during gas storage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of natural gas storage on sulfate-reducing and methanogenic microbial groups in deep aquifers.
  • To identify specific microbial taxa involved and their ecological roles.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze microbial diversity.
  • Geological factors and proximity to stored gas were correlated with microbial community composition.

Main Results:

  • Microbial diversity showed significant variation with geological level.
  • The ratio of sulfate-reducing Firmicutes to deltaproteobacteria was influenced by the distance to stored natural gas.
  • A unique aquifer, previously storing hydrogen-rich town gas, exhibited dominance of methanogenic archaea over sulfate-reducers, with observed sulfate decrease potentially linked to stimulated sulfate-reducers.

Conclusions:

  • Decades-old transient gas storage activities significantly impact the composition of deep subsurface microbial communities.
  • The stability of these gas-impacted ecosystems suggests the long-term sustainability of in situ biotic methanation projects in geological reservoirs.