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A Framework for an Intelligent and Personalized Fire Evacuation Management System.

Jinyue Zhang1, Jianing Guo2, Haiming Xiong3

  • 1Tianjin University-Trimble Joint Laboratory for BIM, Department of Construction Management, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.

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This study introduces a dynamic fire evacuation system using building information modeling and Bluetooth real-time location services to provide personalized, safer routes. The system continuously updates recommendations for building occupants during emergencies.

Keywords:
building information modelingfire evacuation managementpersonalized routingreal-time location systemsmartphone

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Area of Science:

  • Building Safety and Emergency Management
  • Computer Science and Engineering
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Traditional fire evacuation planning faces challenges due to inherent uncertainties in fire development.
  • Existing systems often lack dynamic adaptability to real-time changing conditions within a building.
  • The need for personalized and adaptive guidance during emergencies is critical for occupant safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an advanced fire evacuation management framework.
  • To integrate Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based Indoor Real-Time Location System (RTLS).
  • To provide dynamic, personalized evacuation route recommendations and guidance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an information-rich Building Information Modeling (BIM) model.
  • Employed a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based Indoor Real-Time Location System (RTLS) for occupant tracking.
  • Developed a risk scoring algorithm evaluating weighted risk factors for route segments.
  • Implemented dynamic route re-evaluation every 2 seconds with real-time updates.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework successfully provided personalized evacuation route recommendations.
  • Dynamic re-evaluation ensured the most up-to-date and safest routes were identified.
  • A case study in a commercial office building validated the system's effectiveness in two scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated BIM and BLE-RTLS framework offers a robust solution for dynamic fire evacuation management.
  • Personalized, real-time guidance significantly enhances occupant safety during fire emergencies.
  • The system's ability to adapt to changing conditions addresses limitations of static evacuation plans.