Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay
08:18

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.6K

HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the

Sanam Ebtehaj1, Eke G Gruppen2,3, Stephan J L Bakker3

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics (S.E., U.J.F.T.), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|July 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), a measure of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function, predicts future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in the general population. Lower baseline CEC is linked to increased CVD risk, independent of HDL-C levels.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker.
  • Focus is shifting towards HDL functionalities, specifically antiatherogenic properties.
  • Limited data exist on the prospective association of HDL function metrics with CVD events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if baseline cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is associated with future CVD events in the general population.
  • To investigate the predictive value of HDL function beyond HDL-C levels for CVD.
  • To assess CEC in relation to established CVD risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 8267 participants from the PREVEND cohort with 12-year follow-up.
  • CEC quantified using macrophage foam cells and apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma.
  • Cases with new CVD events were matched to controls for age, sex, smoking status, and HDL-C.

Main Results:

  • Despite identical HDL-C and apolipoprotein A-I levels, cases had significantly lower baseline CEC than controls (P<0.001).
  • CEC correlated positively with HDL-C and apoA-I, and negatively with BMI, hsCRP, and urinary albumin excretion.
  • Lower CEC was inversely associated with incident CVD events (OR, 0.73; P<0.001), independent of HDL-C and other covariates.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is a significant predictor of future cardiovascular events in the general population.
  • CEC provides predictive value for CVD events independently of HDL-C and apolipoprotein A-I levels.
  • HDL function, specifically CEC, represents a crucial, independent biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment.
Abstract

Keywords:
albuminsatherosclerosisbiomarkercardiovascular diseasefoam cellsurinary albumin excretion

More Related Videos

Isolation of High-density Lipoproteins for Non-coding Small RNA Quantification10:39

Isolation of High-density Lipoproteins for Non-coding Small RNA Quantification

Published on: November 28, 2016

11.8K
Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

9.7K

Related Concept Videos

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
423
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.1K
Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
16.7K
Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.6K
Population Growth00:57

Population Growth

Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
28.0K
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
1.3K