Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026
08:24
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
Published on: August 25, 2023
1.1K
Improvement in Tuberculosis Outcomes With a Combined Medical and Social Approach.
Jesica Mazza-Stalder1,2, Emilie Chevallier1, Onya Opota3
1Pulmonary Division, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Frontiers in Medicine
|July 19, 2019
Summary
Directly observed therapy (DOT) and enhanced social support significantly improved tuberculosis treatment success in Switzerland. This combined approach led to a 90.1% global success rate, particularly benefiting asylum seekers.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes in Switzerland were unsatisfactory in the late eighties.
- Improvements were noted following the introduction of directly observed therapy (DOT) in the late nineties and increased social support.
- Recent years have seen further enhancements in TB care management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Vaud County (VD), Switzerland.
- To assess the impact of directly observed therapy (DOT) and social support on treatment success.
- To analyze outcomes for all notified tuberculosis patients between 2010 and 2014.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of tuberculosis patients notified in Vaud County, Switzerland.
- Data collected from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2014.
- Analysis of global treatment outcomes, cure rates, treatment completion, and the application of DOT, including for asylum seekers.
Main Results:
- A total of 375 tuberculosis patients were notified during the study period.
- The global treatment success rate was 90.1% (338/375).
- For culture and PCR-positive pulmonary TB, the treatment success rate was 90.2% (183/183), with a cure rate of 57.9% and treatment completion of 32.2%.
- Directly observed therapy (DOT) was used in 62.4% of patients.
- Treatment outcomes for asylum seekers were successful in 89.6% (60/67).
Conclusions:
- The introduction of DOT and a greater focus on social support for migrants have improved tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Vaud County.
- A combined medical and social approach to tuberculosis care is effective in enhancing treatment success.
- Continued attention to both clinical and social aspects is crucial for managing tuberculosis effectively.
Related Concept Videos
01:41Social Traps
26.3K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
26.3K
01:37Social Loafing
38.9K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
38.9K
02:06Social Exchange Theory
39.5K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
39.5K
00:52Social Proof
31.5K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
31.5K
02:10Social Scripts
10.2K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
10.2K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
55.5K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
55.5K