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Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Total voids in concrete encompass gel water volume, capillary pores, and entrapped air. Gel water (retained within the cement hydration products) and physically entrapped or adsorbed water are significant for the hydration process. For complete hydration, it's estimated that the space needed for the products of a cubic centimeter of cement doubles. Capillary pores constitute the unoccupied space within the hydrated cement paste, with their size largely influenced by the water-to-cement...
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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Source transformation is a fundamental technique employed in circuit analysis, offering a valuable tool for simplifying complex electrical circuits. This technique involves the replacement of either a voltage source in series with a resistor by a current source in parallel with a resistor, or vice versa. The key concept here is that when the original sources are deactivated (turned off), the equivalent resistance at the circuit's end terminals remains the same.
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Direct current is a flow of electric charge in only one direction and has a steady state of constant voltage in the circuit. Rectifiers, batteries, commutator-equipped generators, and fuel cells are some examples of devices that generate direct current. Nowadays, most applications use a time-varying voltage source. Alternating current is a flow of electric charge that periodically reverses direction. An alternating current is produced by an alternating emf that is generated in a power plant. If...
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Void sorcerer: an open source, open access framework for mouse uroflowmetry.

Zunyi Wang1, Emmanuel Contreras Guzman2, Amit Nimunkar2

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA.

American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Urology
|July 19, 2019
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Summary

Researchers developed the Void Sorcerer, an affordable uroflowmetry system for mice. This open-access tool enhances the study of lower urinary tract function and standardizes voiding assessments.

Keywords:
Raspberry Pi 3Uroflowetrymicturitionmouseopen access platformvoiding

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Animal Models
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Rodent voiding behavior studies are crucial for understanding lower urinary tract function.
  • Common assessment techniques include void spot assays, cystometry, and uroflowmetry.
  • Existing uroflowmetry methods in rodents lack standardization and accessible open-source software.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective and accessible uroflowmetry system for mice.
  • To provide open-access software for rodent uroflowmetry analysis.
  • To improve reproducibility and standardization of voiding assessments in research.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the 'Void Sorcerer' system for mouse uroflowmetry.
  • Detailed description of system construction and open-access software.
  • Utilizing uroflowmetry to measure frequency, volume, duration, intervals, and flow rate.

Main Results:

  • The Void Sorcerer system enables reliable determination of key voiding parameters.
  • Open-access software facilitates the implementation and improvement of uroflowmetry assays.
  • The system aims to increase accessibility and standardization across laboratories.

Conclusions:

  • The Void Sorcerer system offers a reproducible and cost-effective solution for rodent uroflowmetry.
  • Open-access software promotes wider adoption and advancement of voiding behavior research.
  • Standardized uroflowmetry methods are essential for advancing lower urinary tract function studies.