Study of Pulmonary Function Test Abnormalities in Metabolic Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Pulmonary Medicine
• Metabolic Health
• Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Background:

• Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) comprises interconnected factors increasing risk for cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
• While links between lung function and cardiovascular events/T2DM exist, the association with MetS specifically is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess pulmonary function abnormalities in patients diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome.
• To investigate the relationship between the number of MetS components and the severity of lung function impairment.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional prevalence study involving 100 patients (25-65 years) meeting IDF criteria for MetS.
• Pulmonary function tests (Spirometry) were conducted to evaluate abnormalities.

Main Results:

• Patients with MetS exhibited significantly lower FVC % predicted (P<0.001) and FEV1 % predicted (P<0.001) compared to controls.
• A linear decrease in FVC and FEV1 was observed as the number of MetS components increased.
• Restrictive ventilatory patterns were noted in 28% of males and 46.6% of females; mixed patterns in 7% of males and 13.4% of females.

Conclusions:

• All components of Metabolic Syndrome are associated with impaired pulmonary function.
• Increasing numbers of MetS components correlate with a more severe decline in lung function.