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Changes in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and severe obesity between 2010 and 2017 in preschoolers: A

Geoff D C Ball1, Anamaria Savu2, Padma Kaul2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Pediatric Obesity
|July 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity rates declined between 2010 and 2017 in Canadian preschoolers. However, severe obesity remained unchanged, indicating a need for targeted interventions to address this critical health issue.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a significant public health concern with long-term health implications.
  • Monitoring weight status trends in young children is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate trends in overweight, obesity, and severe obesity among 4- to 6-year-old children in Alberta, Canada, from 2010 to 2017.
  • To identify factors that may influence these weight status changes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of anthropometric data from 161,114 children aged 4-6 years collected during immunization visits.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI z scores, and weight status categories were determined using World Health Organization criteria.
  • Statistical analysis examined changes in prevalence over the 8-year study period, stratified by sex and considering socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in the prevalence of overweight (17.8% to 15.7%) and obesity (4.7% to 4.2%) was observed.
  • The prevalence of severe obesity remained stable (2.4% to 2.2%).
  • Overweight decreased in both boys and girls, while obesity decreased in boys but not significantly in girls. Severe obesity was stable in both sexes.

Conclusions:

  • While overall reductions in overweight and obesity are positive, the persistent high prevalence of severe obesity necessitates focused public health interventions.
  • Annual household income and breastfeeding showed positive but variable moderating effects on overweight and obesity.
  • Targeted strategies are essential to effectively reduce severe obesity rates in the preschool population.

Keywords:
Canada, obesitypreschoolersprevalence

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