Anaphylaxis in adolescents

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Adolescent Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Anaphylaxis hospitalizations have increased globally in the past two decades, with food and medication triggers being most common.
• Adolescents are disproportionately affected by food-induced anaphylaxis, facing higher risks of severe illness and death.
• Existing evidence on the specific vulnerabilities of adolescents to anaphylaxis is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current epidemiological data on anaphylaxis in adolescents.
• To identify common triggers and risk factors for anaphylaxis in this age group.
• To explore barriers and facilitators to effective anaphylaxis self-management in adolescents.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of recent literature on adolescent anaphylaxis.
• Analysis of epidemiological trends and mortality data.
• Examination of self-management challenges and strategies in adolescents.

Main Results:

• Adolescent anaphylaxis burden appears to be increasing, with notable regional variations in fatal outcomes.
• Fatal anaphylaxis shows an age-related predisposition in adolescents and young adults, particularly with food triggers.
• Adolescence presents unique self-management difficulties due to developmental transitions, heightening anaphylaxis risks.

Conclusions:

• Adolescents represent a high-risk group for severe anaphylaxis outcomes, necessitating targeted interventions.
• Understanding and addressing self-management barriers are crucial for improving anaphylaxis care in adolescents.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the specific factors contributing to adolescent vulnerability to anaphylaxis.