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Related Experiment Video

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Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
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Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited.

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Seoul orthohantavirus, carried by brown rats, has been known since the 1980s, not a new threat. Increased medical awareness is crucial due to its widespread presence and often mild symptoms.

Keywords:
Seoul virus (SEOV)acute kidney injury (AKI)brown rathantavirushantavirus cardio-pulmonary syndrome (HCPS)hantavirus diseasehemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)laboratory ratpet ratwild rat

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Seoul orthohantavirus (SOV) infections, associated with the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), have been documented since the 1980s.
  • Recent reports of SOV in pet rats in Europe and the USA suggest a potential public health concern.
  • No significant differences in pathogenicity or phylogeny exist between SOV from pet rats and those from wild or laboratory rats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical perspective on Seoul orthohantavirus as an "emerging infection".
  • To highlight the contrast between low diagnosis rates in the West and high incidence in the Far East.
  • To emphasize the need for increased medical awareness of SOV-induced human pathology globally.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and case reports concerning Seoul orthohantavirus infections.
  • Analysis of data from four continents: Asia, Europe, America, and Africa.
  • Comparative assessment of pathogenicity and phylogeny of SOV from different rat sources.

Main Results:

  • SOV infections in rats and humans have been described for decades, challenging the notion of it being a "new" emerging disease.
  • Thousands of SOV-related cases have been recorded in the Far East since the 1980s, contrasting with fewer diagnoses in Western countries.
  • Clinical presentations of SOV disease are often milder and atypical, sometimes with normal kidney function, making diagnosis challenging.

Conclusions:

  • Seoul orthohantavirus represents a long-standing public health issue, not a novel emergence.
  • Greater medical awareness and diagnostic vigilance are urgently needed worldwide, particularly in regions with limited reporting.
  • Repeated urine examinations are crucial for detecting transient proteinuria and microhematuria, aiding in the diagnosis of SOV infections.