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Manganese Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis by Thermal Decomposition of ManganeseII Acetylacetonate
Published on: June 18, 2020
Yeast as a Tool for Deeper Understanding of Human Manganese-Related Diseases
Louise Thines1, Antoine Deschamps1, Jiri Stribny1
1Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Abstract:
The biological importance of manganese lies in its function as a key cofactor for numerous metalloenzymes and as non-enzymatic antioxidant. Due to these two essential roles, it appears evident that disturbed manganese homeostasis may trigger the development of pathologies in humans. In this context, yeast has been extensively used over the last decades to gain insight into how cells regulate intra-organellar manganese concentrations and how human pathologies may be related to disturbed cellular manganese homeostasis. This review first summarizes how manganese homeostasis is controlled in yeast cells and how this knowledge can be extrapolated to human cells. Several manganese-related pathologies whose molecular mechanisms have been studied in yeast are then presented in the light of the function of this cation as a non-enzymatic antioxidant or as a key cofactor of metalloenzymes. In this line, we first describe the Transmembrane protein 165-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (TMEM165-CDG) and Friedreich ataxia pathologies. Then, due to the established connection between manganese cations and neurodegeneration, the Kufor-Rakeb syndrome and prion-related diseases are finally presented.
Insights
Manganese is vital for enzymes and antioxidant defense. Disruptions in manganese homeostasis can lead to human diseases, with yeast models offering insights into cellular regulation and pathology.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Human Pathology
Background:
- Manganese is essential for human health, acting as a cofactor for enzymes and an antioxidant.
- Imbalances in manganese levels (homeostasis) are linked to various human diseases.
- Yeast cells serve as valuable models for studying cellular manganese regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review manganese homeostasis in yeast and its relevance to human cells.
- To explore manganese-related human pathologies using yeast models.
- To connect manganese's roles in enzymatic function and antioxidant defense to disease mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of yeast and human cellular manganese regulation.
- Analysis of yeast models for studying manganese homeostasis.
- Examination of specific human pathologies linked to manganese dysregulation.
Main Results:
- Yeast models effectively elucidate cellular mechanisms for controlling manganese concentration.
- Knowledge from yeast studies is transferable to understanding human manganese metabolism.
- Specific diseases like TMEM165-CDG, Friedreich ataxia, Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, and prion diseases are discussed in relation to manganese.
Conclusions:
- Yeast provides a powerful system for investigating manganese biology and its role in human health.
- Understanding manganese homeostasis is crucial for deciphering the molecular basis of associated pathologies.
- Further research in yeast can illuminate therapeutic strategies for manganese-related disorders.
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