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Related Experiment Videos

Intrauterine steroid contraceptives.

P C Scholten1, G C Christaens, A A Haspels

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|November 15, 1987
PubMed
Summary

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Progestagen-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs) offer effective contraception with reduced bleeding and pain. Levonorgestrel Nova-T IUDs demonstrate superior performance over Progestasert, with lower pregnancy rates and longer lifespan.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Gynecology
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Progestagen-releasing IUDs were developed to mitigate bleeding and pain associated with traditional IUDs.
  • These devices utilize intrauterine progestagen release to induce endometrial atrophy, affecting nidation and gamete transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of Progestasert and Levonorgestrel Nova-T (LNG Nova-T) IUDs.
  • To evaluate the suitability of progestagen-releasing IUDs for women seeking contraception, particularly those with contraindications to oral contraceptives or with heavy menstrual bleeding.

Main Methods:

  • Multinational clinical trials comparing Progestasert and LNG Nova-T IUDs.
  • Assessment of pregnancy rates (Pearl Index), ectopic pregnancy risk, device lifespan, menstrual blood loss, amenorrhea, intermenstrual bleeding, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) incidence.
Keywords:
AdnexitisBiologyBleedingContraceptionContraception TerminationContraceptive Agents, Female--administraction and dosageContraceptive Agents, Progestin--administraction and dosageContraceptive Agents--administraction and dosageContraceptive Methods--contraindicationsContraceptive Methods--pharmacodynamicsContraceptive Methods--side effectsContraceptive UsageDeveloped CountriesDiseasesEndometrial EffectsEndometriumEuropeFamily PlanningGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleInfectionsInsertionIud--contraindicationsIud--pharmacodynamicsIud--side effectsLevonorgestrel--administraction and dosageMethod AcceptabilityNetherlandsPainPelvic Inflammatory DiseasePhysiologyReproductive Tract InfectionsSigns And SymptomsTreatmentUrogenital SystemUterusWestern Europe

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Main Results:

  • LNG Nova-T exhibited lower pregnancy rates (Pearl Index 0.30) and reduced ectopic pregnancy risk compared to Progestasert, with a 7-year effective lifespan.
  • Both IUD types decreased menstrual blood loss and cramps; however, intermenstrual bleeding remained a reason for removal.
  • Amenorrhea was a frequent side effect of LNG Nova-T due to endometrial atrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Progestagen-releasing IUDs are effective contraceptive options, particularly for women with menorrhagia, anemia, or contraindications to oral contraceptives.
  • LNG Nova-T offers improved contraceptive efficacy and longevity over Progestasert.
  • Patient counseling regarding side effects like amenorrhea is crucial for acceptance.