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Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Published on: March 14, 2019
MicroRNAs as potential therapeutic targets to predict responses to oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer: From basic
Reyhaneh Moradi Marjaneh1,2, Majid Khazaei2,3, Gordon A Ferns4
1Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies with poor prognosis. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is an important treatment for CRC; however, the cells develop resistance to therapy. The mechanisms underlying oxaliplatin resistance are complex and unclear. There is increasing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) (i.e., miR-34a, miR-143, miR-153, miR-27a, miR-218, and miR-520) play an essential role in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance, by targeting various cellular and molecular pathways (i.e., PI3K/Akt/Wnt, EMT, p53, p21, and ATM) that are involved in the pathogenesis of CRC. Identifying the miRNAs that are involved in chemo-resistance, and their function, may help as a potential therapeutic option for treatment of CRC or as potential prognostic biomarker. Here, we summarized the clinical impact of miRNAs that have critical roles in the development of resistance to oxaliplatin in CRC.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoresistance. Understanding their role in oxaliplatin resistance could lead to new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers for CRC.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis.
- Oxaliplatin chemotherapy is vital for CRC treatment, but resistance often develops.
- Mechanisms of oxaliplatin resistance in CRC are complex and not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the clinical impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) in oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer.
- To highlight the role of specific miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-143, miR-153, miR-27a, miR-218, miR-520) in CRC tumorigenesis and chemoresistance.
- To explore how targeting these miRNAs could offer therapeutic or prognostic potential for CRC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and summary of existing research on miRNAs and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC.
- Analysis of studies investigating the functional roles of specific miRNAs in targeting key pathways (PI3K/Akt/Wnt, EMT, p53, p21, ATM).
- Synthesis of evidence regarding the clinical significance of miRNAs in CRC chemoresistance.
Main Results:
- Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-34a, miR-143) are implicated in regulating pathways crucial to CRC development and oxaliplatin resistance.
- Dysregulation of these miRNAs can promote tumorigenesis and contribute to therapeutic failure.
- These miRNAs target essential cellular pathways involved in cell survival, proliferation, and DNA repair.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNAs play a critical role in the development of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer.
- Identifying and understanding the function of these miRNAs offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies.
- miRNAs involved in oxaliplatin resistance may serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers for CRC patients.
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