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Pregnancy outcomes after thyroid cancer.

Efrat Spiegel1, Andrea R Spence2, Nicholas Czuzoj-Shulman2

  • 1Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montreal, Canada.

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Pregnancy complicated by thyroid cancer increases risks for maternal venous thromboembolism (VTE) and blood transfusions, but does not significantly impact newborn outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women of reproductive age.
  • Understanding its impact on pregnancy is crucial for maternal and neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid cancer and maternal and neonatal outcomes during pregnancy.
  • To compare pregnancy complications and neonatal results in women with and without thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing the US Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) database.
  • Analysis of 14,513,587 deliveries between 1999 and 2014.
  • Multivariate logistic regression controlling for maternal characteristics to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Included 581 pregnant women with thyroid cancer (4/100,000 prevalence).
  • Women with thyroid cancer showed higher rates of vaginal delivery, blood transfusion, and venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • No increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes such as congenital malformations, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal death, or preterm labor was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancies with thyroid cancer are associated with increased maternal risks, specifically VTE and transfusion requirements.
  • Overall newborn outcomes remain comparable between pregnancies with and without thyroid cancer.