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Measuring continuous compositional change using decline and decay in zeta diversity.

Melodie A McGeoch1, Guillaume Latombe1, Nigel R Andrew2

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.

Ecology
|July 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Zeta diversity offers a unified framework to analyze compositional changes across biological systems. This metric quantifies biotic heterogeneity by examining species turnover over space and time, revealing patterns in biodiversity.

Keywords:
DNA methylationdiversity indexenvironmental gradientsinteraction turnovermetagenomemicrobial communityrare and common speciesspatial and temporal turnoverspecies composition

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Area of Science:

  • Biodiversity science
  • Ecology
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Incidence matrices are crucial for biological research, but linking them to diverse ecological patterns requires a common framework.
  • Zeta diversity provides a unified metric to connect incidence-based data with ecological and biodiversity patterns.
  • Understanding compositional variation across multiple assemblages is key to studying biotic heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a conceptual framework for applying zeta diversity to analyze continuous changes in compositional diversity.
  • To demonstrate how zeta diversity decline and decay can test spatial and temporal turnover.
  • To introduce the zeta ratio-based retention rate curve for quantifying compositional change.

Main Methods:

  • Application of zeta diversity across 11 diverse empirical datasets, spanning various taxa, scales, and biological organization levels.
  • Utilizing incidence matrices to quantify species (or OTU) composition variation in multiple assemblages.
  • Introducing and applying the zeta ratio-based retention rate curve to measure compositional change.

Main Results:

  • Different sample selection schemes impact compositional change calculations, requiring careful consideration based on data type and research questions.
  • Higher orders of zeta diversity can enhance the detection of shifts and transitions in biological systems.
  • The relative contributions of rare and common species to compositional change patterns were elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Zeta diversity provides a versatile tool for understanding continuous turnover in biological systems.
  • The framework and retention rate curve offer new ways to analyze and interpret compositional diversity patterns.
  • This approach is applicable across a wide range of biological scales and contexts, from molecular to community levels.