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Cerebellar hypoplasia of prematurity: Causes and consequences

Dawn Gano1, A James Barkovich2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 21, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The preterm cerebellum is vulnerable to injury, leading to cerebellar hypoplasia and increased neurodevelopmental risks in premature newborns. Understanding these causes and consequences is crucial for improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neurology
  • Developmental neuroscience
  • Pediatric neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cerebellar abnormalities are increasingly recognized in premature newborns due to advanced neuroimaging.
  • The developing cerebellum is particularly vulnerable to injury during the neonatal period.
  • Factors like direct injury, supratentorial damage, and glucocorticoid exposure impact cerebellar growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes of cerebellar hypoplasia in premature infants.
  • To examine the consequences of cerebellar hypoplasia on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • To highlight the vulnerability of the preterm cerebellum.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cerebellar development and injury in preterm infants.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to cerebellar hypoplasia.
  • Synthesis of data on neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with cerebellar abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • The preterm cerebellum is susceptible to various insults.
  • Cerebellar hypoplasia is linked to adverse neurodevelopmental disabilities.
  • Multiple factors contribute to impaired cerebellar growth.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebellar hypoplasia is a significant concern in premature infants.
  • Early identification and understanding of risk factors are essential.
  • Further research is needed to mitigate neurodevelopmental deficits.

Keywords:
Cerebellar hemorrhageCerebellar hypoplasiaCerebellar injuryDevelopmentOutcomePrematurity

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