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The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia
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The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia

Published on: November 19, 2008

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Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke

Miriam Martinez-Biarge1, Donna M Ferriero2, Frances M Cowan1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|July 21, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a common, serious neurological issue in infants. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for predicting outcomes and supporting affected children and families.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a significant neurological disorder affecting newborns.
  • It can lead to substantial long-term disabilities in affected infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke.
  • To discuss current understanding of etiology, pathophysiology, classification, presentation, and early management.
  • To highlight the role of neuroimaging in outcome prediction and recent treatment advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on perinatal arterial ischemic stroke.
  • Discussion of diagnostic modalities, including brain imaging.
  • Synthesis of information on management, outcomes, and support strategies.

Main Results:

  • PAIS affects fetuses, preterm, and term infants, often resulting in lasting neurological deficits.
  • Brain imaging plays a critical role in assessing lesion extent and predicting prognosis.
  • Advances in treatment necessitate early diagnosis and understanding of potential morbidities.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal early management and diagnosis are imperative for improving outcomes in PAIS.
  • Understanding the range of possible outcomes is essential for providing appropriate follow-up and family support.
  • Continued research and knowledge dissemination are vital for addressing this serious condition.

Keywords:
Arterial territoryHemiplegiaHypoxia–ischemic injuryInfarctionMRINeonatalPerinatalStroke

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