Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Enhancement of the Initial Growth Rate of Agricultural Plants by Using Static Magnetic Fields
Published on: July 8, 2016
Exploring the relationship between examination pass rates and eligibility pathways among pharmacist candidates for
Objectives:
To compare examination pass rates among different eligibility cohorts for initial board certification in 6 recognized pharmacy practice specialties.
Design:
Retrospective observational cohort study.
Setting And Participants:
Practicing U.S. pharmacists who were approved candidates for initial board certification examinations in the following Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS)-recognized specialties: ambulatory care pharmacy, critical care pharmacy, oncology pharmacy, pediatric pharmacy, pharmacotherapy, and psychiatric pharmacy.
Outcome Measures:
The number and percentage of BPS-approved candidates that pass initial board certification examinations differentiated by specialty and eligibility pathway (i.e., completion of postgraduate residency training or demonstration of postlicensure specialized practice experience).
Results:
Initial board certification examination outcome (i.e., pass or fail) was assessed for a total of 15,171 candidates from Fall 2015 to Fall 2018. Pass rates for that period based on eligibility pathway (e.g., completion of a PGY-2 specialty residency, completion of a PGY-1 residency plus 1-2 years of postlicensure specialized practice experience, or 3-4 years of postlicensure specialized practice experience) were, respectively as follows: ambulatory care pharmacy (n = 2081): 94%, 84%, and 55% (P < 0.0001); critical care pharmacy (n = 2111): 99%, 94%, and 79% (P < 0.0001); oncology pharmacy (n = 1195) 93%, 75%, and 50% (P < 0.0001); pediatric pharmacy (n = 1119): 87%, 73%, and 57%; (P < 0.0001); pharmacotherapy (n = 8368): 88%, 59% (P < 0.0001); and psychiatric pharmacy (n = 477): 93%, 72%, 49% (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion:
From 2015 to 2018, the percentage of BPS-approved candidates that passed initial board certification examinations in ambulatory care pharmacy, critical care pharmacy, oncology pharmacy, pediatric pharmacy, pharmacotherapy, and psychiatric pharmacy was significantly higher for cohorts deemed to be board eligible based on completion of postgraduate residency training.
More Related Videos
05:48Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
Published on: September 21, 2018
07:16Monitoring Hippo Signaling Pathway Activity Using a Luciferase-based Large Tumor Suppressor LATS Biosensor
Published on: September 13, 2018
Related Concept Videos
First Pass Effect
Depending on the route of administration, drugs can be metabolized in the liver, intestine, lungs, and vasculature. Orally administered drugs are first absorbed through the...
Relationship Formation
Initiation of Translation
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Initiation of Translation
Rate-Determining Steps
In a multistep reaction mechanism, one of the elementary steps progresses significantly slower than the others. This slowest step is called the rate-limiting step (or rate-determining step). A reaction cannot proceed faster than its slowest step, and hence, the rate-determining step limits the overall reaction rate.
The concept of rate-determining step can be understood from the analogy of a 4-lane freeway with a short-stretch of traffic-bottleneck caused due to...
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...