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Identification of Coding and Non-coding RNA Classes Expressed in Swine Whole Blood
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Mixed circular codes.

Elena Fimmel1, Christian J Michel2, François Pirot3

  • 1Institute of Mathematical Biology, Faculty for Computer Sciences, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim 68163, Germany.

Mathematical Biosciences
|July 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A maximal trinucleotide circular code shows high occurrence in ribosomal translation, potentially aiding the genetic reading frame. Mixed circular codes, combining dinucleotides and trinucleotides, are explored for their role in primitive genetic processes.

Keywords:
Dinucleotide circular codesGraph propertiesMixed circular codesTetranucleotide circular codesTrinucleotide circular codes

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Circular codes are proposed to maintain the genetic reading frame during translation.
  • Evolutionary theories suggest early genetic codes were based on dinucleotides, trinucleotides, and tetranucleotides.
  • Understanding these codes is crucial for deciphering genetic mechanisms and evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify maximal C3-self-complementary trinucleotide circular codes with high occurrence in ribosomal translation.
  • To investigate mixed circular codes, combining dinucleotide, trinucleotide, and tetranucleotide codes.
  • To explore the role of self-complementary mixed circular codes in primitive genetic processes.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive statistical analysis of genes across bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, plasmids, and viruses.
  • Application of a graph-theoretical approach to study circular codes.
  • Construction of maximal mixed circular codes for various nucleotide combinations (di, tri, tetra).

Main Results:

  • A maximal C3-self-complementary trinucleotide circular code exhibits the highest average occurrence in the ribosome's reading frame.
  • Maximal mixed circular codes of (di,tri)-nucleotides, (tri,tetra)-nucleotides, and (di,tri,tetra)-nucleotides were successfully constructed.
  • Any maximal dinucleotide circular code of size 6 can be embedded into a maximal mixed (di,tri)-nucleotide circular code.

Conclusions:

  • Maximal trinucleotide circular codes are significant for maintaining the correct genetic reading frame.
  • Mixed circular codes offer insights into the evolution of genetic codes.
  • Self-complementary mixed circular codes may have played a role in early genetic systems.